To work with files and folders, use the following commands:
1. File creation
touch /home/user/file-name.txt
2. Creating a folder
mkdir /home/user/Folder-name
2.1 Creating a folder recursively (with nested ones)
mkdir -p /home/user/Folder-name/Sub1/Sub2
3. Copying a file
cp /home/user/file-name.txt /home/user/copy-file.txt
3.1 Copying a directory with all attached files and folders
cp -R /home/user/Folder1 /home/user/Folder2
3.2 Copying a directory with all attached files and folders while maintaining rights and taking into account links
cp -a /home/user/Folder1 /home/user/Folder2
3.3 Copying all files with mp3 extension
cp /home/user/*.mp3 /home/user/Music-Folder
3.4 Alternative command to copy files recursively
rsync -a file.txt file_backup.txt
3.5 Alternative command to copy directories recursively
rsync -a /var/www/vhosts/domain1.tld/ /var/www/vhosts/domain2.tld/
4. Deleting a file
rm /home/user/file-name.txt
4.1 Deleting a directory with all attached files and folders
rm -r /home/user/Folder1
5. View a list of files in the current directory
ls
5.1 View a list of files in the current directory, taking into account rights and owner
ls -la
5.2 Calculating the size of the current directory
du -h
6. Editing files
6.1 Text editor vi
vi /home/user/some-text.txt
To edit a file, press the INS key, after editing is complete, press the Esc key, then press the colon as shown below:
- :wq (save and exit)
- :q! (exit without saving)
6.2 Text editor nano
Installation on debian/ubuntu:
apt install nano
Editing the file:
nano /home/user/some-text.txt
To exit, use Ctrl + X then Y - with saving, N - without.