To find out information about the system in the Linux console, there are several commands, the operation and output of which we will present below.

1. Kernel information

uname -a

Linux hostname 5.10.0-26-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.197-1 (2023-09-29) x86_64 GNU/Linux

or

cat /proc/version

Linux version 5.10.0-26-amd64 (debian-kernel@lists.debian.org) (gcc-10 (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.35. 2) #1 SMP Debian 5.10.197-1 (2023-09-29)

2. Operating system and version

cat /etc/os-release

PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="11"
VERSION="11 (bullseye)"
VERSION_CODENAME=bullseye
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"

3. Hardware information

apt install dmidecode
dmidecode

System Information
Manufacturer: Virtuozzo
Product Name: KVM
Version: Virtuozzo 7.12.0 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
Serial Number: Not Specified
UUID: 25f746a0-8677-459c-8e98-553169ef4cf1
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Virtuozzo Linux
...

This tool displays information hardcoded into the Bios of physical equipment, so output to virtualization VPS is not available; for virtual servers, use the commands described below.

3.1 Information about the processor and memory

lscpu

Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s): 2
On-line CPU(s) list: 0.1
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 2
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 61
Model name: Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, IBRS)
...

or

apt install lshw
lshw

hostname
     description: Computer
     product: KVM
     vendor: Virtuozzo
     version: Virtuozzo 7.12.0 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
     width: 64 bits
     capabilities: smbios-2.8 dmi-2.8 smp vsyscall32
     configuration: boot=normal family=Virtuozzo Linux uuid=A046F725-7786-9C45-8E98-553169EF4CF1
   *-core
...

3.2 Information about disk and partitions

fdisk -l

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 18970623 18968576 9G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 18972670 20969471 1996802 975M 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 18972672 20969471 1996800 975M 82 Linux swap / Solaris

or

lsblk -a

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 10G 0 disk
|-sda1 8:1 0 9G 0 part /
|-sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
`-sda5 8:5 0 975M 0 part [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 3.6G 0 rom